Where central Arizona’s water comes from

Central Arizona’s water supply comes from three main sources. The journey it takes to your home was made possible more than 12 decades ago.

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    Bringing water to the Valley since 1903

    For more than 120 years, SRP has been providing a reliable water supply to the Valley. It all started with Arizona’s first dam, Roosevelt Dam, and grew into a system of reservoirs, rivers, dams and canals that deliver water to millions of residents across Greater Phoenix.

    Building a diverse, reliable water supply

    Over the years, Valley residents, SRP and partnering organizations have invested heavily in the infrastructure necessary to create a resilient water supply. 

    Unlike most U.S. cities, Greater Phoenix has access to three water sources. 

    • In-state rivers and streams

      In-state rivers and streams

      SRP manages seven reservoirs that store water from the Salt and Verde rivers and the East Clear Creek watershed. Over half of the water supply in the Phoenix metro area comes from the SRP water system.

    • Groundwater

      Groundwater

      SRP utilizes a vast groundwater pumping system that includes 270 high-capacity wells. Additionally, Valley cities operate large groundwater supply systems. 

    • The Colorado River

      The Colorado River

      The Central Arizona Project (CAP) delivers Colorado River water to the Valley. This represents the area's second-largest water supply. 

    In-state rivers and streams

    In-state rivers and streams

    SRP manages seven reservoirs that store water from the Salt and Verde rivers and the East Clear Creek watershed. Over half of the water supply in the Phoenix metro area comes from the SRP water system.

    Groundwater

    Groundwater

    SRP utilizes a vast groundwater pumping system that includes 270 high-capacity wells. Additionally, Valley cities operate large groundwater supply systems. 

    The Colorado River

    The Colorado River

    The Central Arizona Project (CAP) delivers Colorado River water to the Valley. This represents the area's second-largest water supply. 


    From our watershed to your home

    Have you ever turned on the faucet and wondered, “Where does the water come from?” This is how water travels to you and how we manage it along the way.

    150

    Approximate number of miles your water travels from its source to your home

    260

    How many billion gallons of water we deliver annually; enough to serve 2.5 million homes

    7

    The number of reservoirs we manage to provide water to Greater Phoenix


    image of snowmelt flowing

    1

    Your water begins as rain and snow in the forest

    High in the mountains, in the forests of northern and eastern Arizona, lie the Salt and Verde watersheds. In the winter, snow collects across 8.3 million acres of this protected forestland.

    In the spring, the snow melts and the journey of your water begins. These watersheds are the source of the water we use every day.

    image of a large water reservoir surrounded by mountains

    2

    Dams help capture water in reservoirs

    Melted snow travels down the mountains and into the Salt and Verde rivers, where it flows and is stored through a series of seven lakes, also known as SRP’s reservoir system.

    Water collected in our reservoirs is then released through dams. The dams allow us to control the flow of water so we can manage floods and store it for times we need it like during periods of drought. Dams are also used to generate hydroelectric power. Explore dam and lake management.

    aerial view of a canal system in Phoenix Arizona

    3

    Water moves into our cities through a system of canals

    SRP delivers water throughout our Valley to cities, farms and irrigation customers using a canal system of 131 miles.

    The canals lead to water treatment plants and smaller waterways called laterals. The laterals are used to carry water to irrigation customers, including farmers. See how we manage and maintain canals. 

    aerial view of a water treatment plant in Arizona

    4

    Water is treated to meet quality standards

    The water we deliver to city treatment plants is treated there to meet water quality standards. Once treated, the water is delivered through underground pipes to your home. 


    Explore Arizona’s water journey

    Explore the interactive map to learn the four key milestones of Arizona’s water journey and their locations across the state. 

    SRP protects every precious drop

    Water is our most valuable resource, and we’re working to ensure its resiliency for years to come. In fact, SRP is involved in several projects and initiatives aimed at improving water storage, enhancing delivery infrastructure and restoring water capacity.

    Learn more about water resource management.